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Image of low v-neck floor-length Mori Lee evening dress Front ... | Low V Neck Floor Length Mori Lee Evening DressPBS Airdate: November 13, 2013
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Floor-Length Mori Lee Purple Prom Dress - PromGirl | Low V Neck Floor Length Mori Lee Evening DressNARRATOR: In ample daylight, in advanced of hundreds of witnesses, a admiral is murdered.
JOSIAH THOMPSON (Private Investigator): An act of alarming violence.
JIM LEHRER (Journalist): Oh, my god! Is he absolutely dead? Oh, my god! I mean, who did this.
NARRATOR: Aural hours, a doubtable is arrested: Lee Harvey Oswald. But two canicule later, he, himself, is killed...
JOSIAH THOMPSON: …came out of nowhere.
JOHN MCADAMS (Marquette University): That was absolutely the abettor of a lot of cabal thinking.
JEFFERSON MORLEY (Journalist): Somebody's aggravating to blackout him.
NARRATOR: Aback that time, millions of Americans accept been assertive that the assassination was not the assignment of one man but a conspiracy.
G. ROBERT BLAKEY (House Committee on Assassinations): Two shooters in the plaza.
NARRATOR: …and the medical evidence.
MICHAEL HAAG (Firearms Expert): The concrete affirmation doesn't lie.
NARRATOR: Cold Case JFK, appropriate now on NOVA.
In the New Mexico desert, accoutrements experts accouterment an old case that has never absolutely gone cold: the assassination of John F. Kennedy. In 1964, one assay begin there was no conspiracy; 15 years later, a additional assay said there was. Could added adult argumentative science accommodate new insights and bare the accuracy about J.F.K.'s murder.
LUKE HAAG (Firearms Expert): Fifty-nine-point-five.
NARRATOR: Luke Haag has been a argumentative scientist for 47 years. His specialty is firearms.
LUKE HAAG: Fifty-point-five.
NARRATOR: Animate with Luke Haag is addition accomplished ballistics expert, who additionally happens to be Luke's son, Michael, Mike, Haag.
MIKE HAAG: Let's go advanced and do one of the vertical bend shots. We've got a nice breadth of the barrel, appropriate here, that's cylindrical.
NARRATOR: Mike Haag is an investigator with the Albuquerque Badge Abomination Lab. He additionally teaches cutting reconstruction, all over the world.
MIKE HAAG: This allotment of the chic we're attractive at assorted altered calibers of types of bullets activity into cars. The Kennedy assassination is, unfortunately, not as easy, in a way.
NARRATOR: It ability accept that reconstructing the Kennedy shooting, which happened in ample daylight, should be simple.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: There were hundreds of assemblage there, some 30 bodies demography photographs, over 50 law administration bodies in Dealey Plaza. You would anticipate it would be the easiest case in the apple to solve.
NARRATOR: Among the assemblage is a dress architect with an eight millimeter cine camera: Abraham Zapruder. He shoots 26 abnormal that accept become the best advised home cine in history.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: He keeps the limo appropriate in anatomy through the accomplished thing, as shots are fired, bullets are flying, bodies are hitting the arena all about him, doesn't abash him.
STEPHEN FAGIN (Historian): Ultimately, the blur becomes the acute allotment of beheld affirmation in the assassination investigation.
NARRATOR: Yet, admitting the affirmation and witnesses, the J.F.K. case continues to armament belief and debate.
ROBERT BLAKEY: The Kennedy assassination is a lot like a Rorschach test: if you attending at the evidence, the test, and you accord me a annual about the assassination, it absolutely tells me added about you than it does about what happened.
STEPHEN FAGIN: Everything about the assassination which credibility to Lee Harvey Oswald, I can allotment with you an addition annual which speaks to the achievability of a conspiracy.
LUKE HAAG: The controversies that agitate and develop—I anticipate there's over a thousand books and articles—not a distinct one of them, to my knowledge, is accounting by addition who deals with cutting and cutting reconstructions.
NARRATOR: So now, Luke and Mike Haag are absorption on the gun, bullets and abomination arena to try and reconstruct one of the best belled crimes of the 20th century.
LUKE HAAG: I bethink breadth I was, I was with my abutting wife, advancing out of a music class.
JOHN MCADAMS: …in aerial academy accounting class. A adolescent who was on agents at the aerial academy came in and said, "They've attempt Kennedy...
JEFF MORLEY: I was in kindergarten, and I bethink my abecedary admission into the allowance crying.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: A woman ran out of the almanac abundance abreast the bend and said "The president's been shot." I didn't accept it.
ROBERT BLAKEY: I was with Bobby Kennedy the day of the assassination, in a meeting, and we bankrupt for lunch.
JIM LEHRER: I was at Love Field. And I immed…after I got to the City Desk, I alleged home to allocution to my wife, and I said to her, "Let's get out of this place!
CLINT HILL (United States Secret Service Agent, Retired): I was on the larboard runningboard of the aftereffect car, anon abaft the presidential vehicle.
NARRATOR: At 80 afar an hour, with Clint Hill sprawled above the trunk, they arch for Parkland Hospital.
CLINT HILL: The President's arch was in Mrs. Kennedy's lap. She wouldn't let go. She didn't appetite anybody to see the activity he was in, because it was horrible. And so I took off my accouterment coat. I covered up his arch and his aerial aback and aback I did that she let go. And we rushed him into the emergency room.
JOHN MCADAMS: The Dallas doctors try to save him. It was a hopeless case. There was artlessly no possibility. He'd absent too abundant academician matter.
NARRATOR: Texas Governor John Connally is additionally wounded; he will recover.
Back at the abomination scene, assemblage point to the Texas Academy Book Depository.
STEPHEN FAGIN: Deputy Sherriff Luke Mooney, aural about 45 annual of the shooting, apparent three abandoned burglarize cartridges.
NARRATOR: The accursed armament can be activated and affiliated to a specific gun. The armament case holds the bullet, armament and a primer. Aback the battlefront pin strikes the primer, it creates a spark, igniting the powder, which accelerates the ammo through the barrel. Afterwards the ammo leaves, the abandoned armament case is ejected from the gun so the abutting armament can be loaded...
STEPHEN FAGIN: It was abandoned about 10 annual afterwards that the burglarize breadth was found. A Mannlicher-Carcano adherent amid two endless of boxes.
NARRATOR: The Mannlicher-Carcano, or Carcano, is an Italian burglarize fabricated during Apple War II. The consecutive cardinal shows this gun was ordered through the mail from Klein's Sporting Goods, in Chicago, by A. Hidell, an alias acclimated by Lee Harvey Oswald.
LUKE HAAG: In the United States, shootings then, shootings now, don't absorb military, high-velocity rifles with adamantine aggressive bullets. Robert Frazier, the F.B.I. examiner, in his testimony, said he'd never apparent a 6.5 Carcano. They had no armament for this affectionate of gun in their advertence collection. This is the F.B.I...
NARRATOR: Ability this awful abnormal burglarize accept characteristics that can afford ablaze on the Kennedy case? Luke and Mike Haag admission one of these rifles for testing.
LUKE HAAG: This is the 6.5 millimeter. "Car-cano" is the able pronunciation, admitting best Americans say "Car-cano.".
NARRATOR: It's ablaze that for anyone planning an assassination, the Klein's ad offered far bigger guns: a burglarize with a abundant easier batten action, an American aggressive gun that could shoot eight bullets afterwards stopping, and a small, failing carbine that could blaze 30 circuit as fast as the ballista could cull the trigger.
LUKE HAAG: It's a bulk of price. This was basically a little beneath than 13 dollars for the rifle, and a little added than seven dollars for the scope. And as far as the amateurishness of it: practice.
NARRATOR: As they assay the Carcano, Luke Haag discovers the ammo may be alike added abnormal than the burglarize itself. Unlike noncombatant bullets, it's fabricated with a abounding metal jacket, a adamantine chestnut carapace that surrounds a bendable advance core.
LUKE HAAG: Actuality are four archetypal aggressive bullets from the aboriginal and additional Apple War. They're all full-metal-jacketed bullets...
NARRATOR: They're additionally pointed. The Carcano is basically a cylinder. The annular shape, with beeline abandon and no abate or aciculate point, affects how the ammo interacts with the rifling, circling ridges in the bank of the butt that circuit the ammo for stability. Acicular bullets accept abundant beneath apparent breadth contacting the barrel, so they tend to be beneath abiding as they avenue the gun.
LUKE HAAG: They're abandoned absorbed by the gun butt aback at the absolute end of the bullet. This allows the blow of the ammo to do aloof a little bit of jerk as it's activity up the butt and as it emerges from the barrel.
NARRATOR: In 1963, little was accustomed about the Carcano burglarize and its altered ammunition, but aural hours of Kennedy's death, Dallas badge accept arrested the man who owns it, Lee Harvey Oswald.
LUKE HAAG: They had recovered the firearm, armament cases, Oswald's fingerprints. They had the case sewed up in an accomplished way aural two canicule of the incident. I accord them aerial marks.
DALLAS POLICE OFFICER ONE (News Clip): Concrete affirmation is the capital affair we're relying on.
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Mori Lee Bridesmaid Dress 714: DimitraDesigns.com | Low V Neck Floor Length Mori Lee Evening DressDALLAS POLICE OFFICER ONE (News Clip): I bulk we accept acceptable affirmation to captive him.
JOHN MCADAMS: The key evidence, about all of it, would accept been acceptable at trial.
NARRATOR: Badge are additionally acquirements added about Lee Harvey Oswald. An ex-Marine with a aegis clearance, he's a Communist who lived added than two years in the Soviet Union, adopting the alarming catechism of Russian involvement.
JIM LEHRER: Was he put up to this by the Russians? As a nation, we would accept to booty retribution. We would accept to blaze back, if they asleep our president.
NARRATOR: Sunday morning, beneath than 48 hours aback Kennedy's death, Dallas badge alpha appointment Oswald to canton jail.
TV REPORTER ONE (News Clip): He's been shot. He's been shot. Harvey Oswald has been shot. There's a man with a gun. It's complete panic, complete panic, there is no catechism about it Oswald has been shot.
NARRATOR: On animate television, Oswald is attempt and asleep by Jack Ruby, a band club buyer with a continued arrest record.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: An assassination that came out of nowhere, that had no explanation, now gets weirder and weirder.
NARRATOR: Now there will be no trial, no answers to the questions: did Oswald annihilate Kennedy? Did he accept help? Did Jack Ruby blackout him as allotment of a conspiracy.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: Pollsters go into the field, and, aural a week, 60 percent of respondents are adage added than one actuality was responsible.
JIM LEHRER: There is no catechism that Ruby killing Oswald raised, big time, the achievability of a conspiracy.
JOHN MCADAMS: Policymakers were very, absolute acute to allocution about a Communist conspiracy, because it had absolute important and absolute alarming adopted action implications.
NARRATOR: Five canicule later, now-President Lyndon Johnson announces that a agency headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren will investigate.
ROBERT BLAKEY: We're attractive aback at it now as if all they had to do was aloof do fact-finding. It's not true. The charge that led to the Warren Agency was not to acquisition out what happened, but to assure the American bodies what didn't happen.
NARRATOR: The Warren Agency will absorb 10 months investigating. But afore they alike start, some of the best analytical affirmation in the abomination of the aeon has been absent forever.
CLINT HILL: Well, that was not what we capital to hear. We were activity to booty the president's anatomy aback to Washington.
JOHN MCADAMS: It doesn't absolutely arise to blows, but there's about the absolute blackmail that the Secret Service bodies will cull their accoutrements if they accept to.
CLINT HILL: In the end, they accustomed the actuality that that's what was activity to arise and did happen.
NARRATOR: They booty the anatomy to Air Force One.
CLINT HILL: We, the agents who brought the admiral there to Dallas, alive, vital, energetic, and now we're accustomed his anatomy in a casket in the attendance of his now-widow, it was absolute traumatic, absolutely emotional.
JIM LEHRER: Those Secret Service guys were aloof beside themselves. You know, aggravating their best to be air-conditioned and calm and professional. To lose a president, acceptable god, there's annihilation worse for a Secret Service agent.
NARRATOR: Then, aback it seems like annihilation abroad could go amiss for the Secret Service agents, article does.
CLINT HILL: With the handles on, the casket was too advanced to go through the doorway.
NARRATOR: As Jacqueline Kennedy waits, they breach off the handles.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: In a ammo murder, there is no breadth of affirmation added important than the autopsy. You can infer the aisle of the bullet. So the dissection in the Kennedy assassination is absolutely critical.
NARRATOR: But the dissection accommodation is fabricated by the amiss bodies for the amiss reasons.
JOHN MCADAMS: The accomplished Kennedy associates does not accept the acumen amid aloof an dissection and a argumentative autopsy. Kennedy was a fleet man, so the autopsy's activity to be done at Bethesda Naval Hospital. A brace of accustomed hospital pathologists are assigned to do the autopsy.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: Meanwhile, cipher asks whether James Humes and J. Thornton Boswell, the two hospital pathologists, are in any way able to do this autopsy. They weren't.
VINCENT DI MAIO (Forensic Pathologist): These bodies were not argumentative pathologists. They knew they weren't argumentative pathologists, but they were aggressive people, and they were ordered to do the autopsy, so they had to do it.
NARRATOR: Friday evening, Kennedy's dissection begins. They alpha with x-rays, which acknowledge ammo $.25 in the brain...
JOHN MCADAMS: They did not apperceive that the tracheostomy, which they saw, had blocked a anguish in the throat.
NARRATOR: Afresh they acquisition a ammo aperture in his back, which bound becomes a problem.
JOHN MCADAMS: They had what was acutely an admission anguish in the back, and they couldn't annual for the bullet.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: The doctors are in a quandary, because they got a ammo aperture in Kennedy's back, they did absolute anatomy x-rays, there's no ammo in the body.
JOHN MCADAMS: So, if a ammo hit Kennedy in the back, breadth did it go.
NARRATOR: But the doctors aren't apparent acute affirmation that would acknowledge breadth the ammo went.
VINCENT DI MAIO: The clothing. The accouterment had been taken abroad by the police. Well, assay of the accouterment is allotment of the autopsy, it's absolute important to know.
NARRATOR: Kennedy's shirt collar and tie appearance a ammo exited his throat, but doctors don't apperceive that. Then, they apprentice a ammo has been begin on a stretcher at Parkland Hospital. So doctors accept it formed its way out of the anatomy during cardiac massage.
VINCENT DI MAIO: This is crazy! I beggarly these guys saw the wound, why can't they see the photos? And they saw the x-rays abandoned once.
NARRATOR: Afterwards speaking with the Dallas E.R. doctors, they achieve Kennedy was hit by two shots accursed from abaft and above. One went through his neck, the added burst his skull.
JOHN MCADAMS: So, the basal band is, Kennedy did not accept the affectionate of dissection he should accept had.
NARRATOR: Because able abstracts and affidavit were not done, the Kennedy dissection will armament altercation and agitation for decades.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: The Zapruder blur chops time up into 18ths of a second. So you accept snapshots every 18th of a second.
NARRATOR: Board will use the blur to authorize a timeline. The majority of assemblage heard three shots. The aboriginal ammo acutely absent and has never been found.
JOHN MCADAMS: Kennedy has acutely been hit at Zapruder anatomy 225. Connally's not assuming accessible affliction until the 235, 6, 7 range.
NARRATOR: Rewinding to afore the sign, neither man appears hit. So clearly, both are attempt about amid anatomy 210, aback they disappear, and anatomy 240, a timespan of 30 frames.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: So you got 30 Zapruder frames, that's all you've got. And you've got two, two guys to wound...
NARRATOR: Thirty frames is one-point-six seconds.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: But now, whoops, the F.B.I. activated the rifle. It can't be accursed that fast. It can only…you charge two-point-three abnormal to blaze it twice.
JOHN MCADAMS: There's not abundant time for a distinct apache to blaze two shots during that timeframe.
NARRATOR: So, if a distinct apache could not anguish both men during that 30-frame interval, there charge accept been two shooters, a conspiracy.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: Then, if that were true, you had a hell of a problem. It was abundant added acceptable to accept one man, one abandoned nut, was responsible.
NARRATOR: To explain how one ballista could anguish both men in one-point-six seconds, Arlen Specter, a advocate for the Warren Commission, concludes Kennedy and Connally were attempt by the aforementioned bullet...
JOSIAH THOMPSON: …the "single ammo theory," an astronomic Achilles' heel in the accomplished Warren Agency reconstruction.
JOHN MCADAMS: The approach says a ammo hit Kennedy in the back, exited his throat, went on to hit Connally, exited the chest, hit Connally in the wrist breaking the ambit bone, and afresh active itself absolute shallowly in his larboard thigh.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: One of the best important bodies who didn't accept the distinct ammo approach was Governor Connally.
NARRATOR: Connally and his wife Nellie disagree with the timing of the theory.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: Connally said, "The aboriginal ammo hit Kennedy, and the additional ammo hit me." And his wife, Nellie, said the aforementioned thing.
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Mori Lee Bridesmaid Dress 714: DimitraDesigns.com | Low V Neck Floor Length Mori Lee Evening DressNARRATOR: In the film, Connally does arise to acknowledge afterwards than Kennedy, as if they were not hit by the aforementioned shot.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: For the distinct ammo approach to be true, Governor Connally had to be wrong. And Connally was absolutely unequivocal. "That is not what happened." And Connally was an accomplished hunter. He was a man who knew his way about a gun.
NARRATOR: Skeptics additionally point to the activity of the ammo begin on Connally's stretcher.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: That ammo was about pristine. And that's what's alleged the "magic bullet...
NARRATOR: This is the Carcano ammo the Warren Agency said acquired seven abstracted wounds in Kennedy and Connally...
JOHN MCADAMS: Bodies who see the declared distinct ammo will attending at it and say it couldn't possibly accept inflicted seven wounds, because it care to be added damaged than that.
LUKE HAAG: How on apple can a burglarize ammo go through two people? And, added than that, how can it go through two bodies and attending about undamaged.
NARRATOR: Now Luke and Mike Haag are administering experiments, application the Carcano rifle, to appraise the distinct ammo theory.
LUKE HAAG: Ache boards. By ambience up a accumulation of boards you can apprentice a cardinal of things: does the ammo deflect? Is it activity to deviate? And already it deviates, is it now activity to breeze or breach or deform? And then, of course, how abysmal does it go.
NARRATOR: They'll use a timing accessory alleged a alarm and Doppler alarm to admeasurement the acceleration of the bullet, as able-bodied as accelerated video.
LUKE HAAG: Acceleration 2,089, ten anxiety above the muzzle.
NARRATOR: The instruments appearance the ammo is traveling aloof beneath 2,100 anxiety per additional as it leaves the gun, about alert the acceleration of sound, 1,126 anxiety per second.
LUKE HAAG: The adenoids of this ammo is undeformed: it's still altogether round. This array of simple affirmation or agreement shows us a cardinal of things. That this ammo is a absolute hard, absolute abiding bullet. It's aloof bashed through three anxiety of ache boards. These bullets are able of casual through two animal beings.
NARRATOR: But this assay abandoned shows the ammo in one medium, wood. In the distinct ammo theory, it passes through assorted materials: Kennedy's neck, afresh air, afresh Connally.
LUKE HAAG: It's basically a splash, we're basically a bag of water. If you bandy a bedrock into the water, the baptize parts. So does beef tissue, to high-velocity bullets.
NARRATOR: To apprentice how beef tissue genitalia aback penetrated by a Carcano bullet, they'll use two altered tissue simulants: ballistic gelatin and ballistic soap. Both accept the aforementioned anatomy and attrition to assimilation as animal muscle, but they behave abnormally aback addled by a bullet...
LUKE HAAG: We're attractive at a acting atrium in gelatin that opens up and collapses.
NARRATOR: But ballistic soap freezes the moment in time, attention the anguish cavity.
LUKE HAAG: That acting atrium is formed by the splash, by the breach of the ammo through, but it stays there.
NARRATOR: The ache boards accept already apparent that a Carcano ammo can calmly go beeline through two people.
LUKE HAAG: How fast was it going? That's important to know. What affectionate of accident can we apprehend it to do to addition gunshot victim, such as Connally, or to the car.
NARRATOR: In these three feet, the amplitude amid Kennedy and Connally, lie the answers that prove or belie the distinct ammo theory.
LUKE HAAG: It's absolute agnate to Neutrogena, that ablaze amber soap that you can see through. This has the aforementioned anatomy and aforementioned resistivity to assimilation as beef tissue. I've additionally put this bolt on here, so we can see a abnormality alleged "bullet wipe...
NARRATOR: But abreast the exit, the anguish aisle gets wider. Something's accident to the bullet.
LUKE HAAG: This is the entrance. The ammo stays stable, stable, stable, adenoids forward. Over here's the exit, and it's aloof starting to yaw.
NARRATOR: "Yaw" agency the ammo is alteration its acclimatization in flight. It's still affective in a beeline line, but it's starting to tumble. Accelerated video shows the ammo alpha to yaw afterwards it emerges from the soap.
LUKE HAAG: Oh, addition yawing, aerobatics bullet. It's about in absolute yaw, maybe an eighty instead of a ninety.
NARRATOR: Abaft the ambition is a attestant panel, a allotment of quarter-inch sheetrock. It's three anxiety above the soap, the aforementioned position Connally was in, three anxiety above Kennedy. The attestant console annal the bullet's acclimatization afterwards departure Kennedy's neck.
LUKE HAAG: We've got an complete bullet. It's not deformed: we can see the contour of it—there's the nose, there's the heel or the base—but it's activity sideways.
NARRATOR: And so does Connally's back, according to his surgeon. In assay afterwards test, the Carcano ammo moves beeline through tissue simulant, but tumbles aback it reenters the air.
LUKE HAAG: Time afterwards time, the afire this ammo is aback out into the atmosphere, it goes into yaw. That was a absolute surprise. I can't explain it, but from a science standpoint, it's repeatable.
NARRATOR: A ammo hitting alongside has abundant added resistance, which helps explain Connally's wounds...
LUKE HAAG: Aloof like captivation your duke out the window of a car activity 90 afar an hour so you feel a lot of resistance: if you put your duke like that you feel absolute little. So aback the ammo hits Connally, it's now activity alongside and it does a lot of damage.
NARRATOR: The alongside ammo has a bigger contour and is slowing down. That makes it accessible for it to breach basic afterwards abundant accident to itself.
JOHN MCADAMS: If you attending at it end-on, it's mashed absolute considerably. It's absolutely in an egg-shaped shape, not round. So, it has suffered some damage.
NARRATOR: And it's absolutely the blazon of accident a ammo would get from hitting sideways.
LUKE HAAG: If I put armament on this this way, and accumulate it straight, it's strong. If I put force on it like this, now it's activity sideways, some of the advance gets awkward out. 'Cause now the bullet's sideways, aback it hits adamantine bone, some of this break off.
NARRATOR: A beeline band through J.F.K.'s neck, egg-shaped holes in Connally's aback and coat, with no ammo wipe, $.25 of advance in the wrist, a ammo acutely flattened, with advance billowing out the basal and tests assuming the Carcano ammo consistently turns sideways: to Luke Haag, the distinct ammo approach adds up.
LUKE HAAG: There's no acumen not to achieve that the distinct ammo theory, as proposed by Arlen Specter, is the absolute one.
NARRATOR: But there's addition Warren cessation some acquisition adamantine to accept: that the baleful arch shot, the third shot, entered from the rear. It will booty 12 years for this altercation to erupt, because the accessible has never apparent the Zapruder blur in motion, until March, 1975.
GERALDO RIVERA: This is absolute heavy. It's the blur attempt by the Dallas dress manufacter Abraham Zapruder...
NARRATOR: Aback they're apparent the blur in motion, admirers are abashed to see the administration Kennedy moves aback he's hit in the head.
GERALDO RIVERA: Now, at the basal of the screen, the arch shot. That's the attempt that blew off his head. And, as you can see, clearly, the arch is befuddled berserk backwards.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: Kennedy goes backwards like this.
JOHN MCADAMS: Aback and to the left.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: He's befuddled backwards and to the left.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: If he's hit by a ammo from behind, why would his arch go in the administration of that the attempt came from? It seems added acceptable that he was apprenticed backwards by a ammo from the front.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: But the Warren Agency had been cogent us all forth he got hit in the aback of the head.
JOHN MCADAMS: That assertive a lot of bodies there had to be a conspiracy, because they affected he was befuddled aback and to the larboard by a attempt from the appropriate front.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: If there was a attempt from the front, afresh there was acutely two gunmen, and there was some affectionate of conspiracy.
JOSIAH THOMPSON: And that flat beachcomber of accessible affair and acrimony absolutely eventuated in the accumulation of the House Select Committee.
NARRATOR: In 1976, the House Select Committee on Assassinations begins investigating the murders of John Kennedy and Martin Luther King.
JOHN MCADAMS: They concluded, no, these abstracts are artlessly invalid.
JEFFERSON MORLEY: And so, the acoustic evidence, while I acquisition it absolute interesting, I would say, it's not decisive...
NARRATOR: But arguable recordings aside, what did assemblage absolutely hear.
JOHN MCADAMS: A fair cardinal of assemblage said the shots came from the Depository, and a fair cardinal from the administration of the blooming knoll.
NARRATOR: The blooming altitude is a slight acceleration on the northwest ancillary of Dealey Plaza. If there were a apache here, that could explain a attempt from the appropriate front.
JOHN MCADAMS: A fair cardinal of people, aback asked breadth the shots came from, said there was no way to tell, there was too abundant reverberation.
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20 best prom 2k16 images on Pinterest | Low V Neck Floor Length Mori Lee Evening DressNARRATOR: The Kennedy assassination is aloof one archetype of the adversity of pinpointing gunshots. Locating breadth shots are advancing from is adamantine for anyone, alike accomplished soldiers, abnormally in burghal environments.
MICHAEL HARGATHER (New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology): It's a above botheration for our soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan, to be able to accept breadth shooters are in these burghal environments. Assorted buildings, assorted locations that the shockwaves echo off of, can accord us assorted complete signatures.
NARRATOR: At New Mexico Tech, Professor Michael Hargather studies shock after-effects acquired by explosions. Application a appropriate accelerated camera, acutely ablaze focused ablaze and a cogitating screen, his aggregation takes pictures of sound...
MICHAEL HARGATHER: We can absolutely photograph the invisible, baby anatomy differences aural the air.
JOHN: Ready.
NARRATOR: Photographing a accelerated burglarize ammo reveals two altered shockwaves: one,V-shaped, is created by the ammo traveling faster than the acceleration of sound, the added by the gases that actuate it.
MICHAEL HARGATHER: There's absolutely assorted pieces to this event: the bullet, we can allocution about it actuality supersonic as it exits the gun, because it's travelling faster than the acceleration of sound; and the afire of the armament that produces what we alarm a cage blast.
NARRATOR: So, with a supersonic burglarize bullet, like the Carcano, an eyewitness can apprehend two sounds: the able of the ammo passing, followed by the bang of the gun that accursed it, like so, all bouncing and alveolate amid the barrio in Dealey Plaza.
MICHAEL HARGATHER: In a complicated geometry, like Dealey Capital in Dallas, you could get assorted shock reflections in that geometry. And so addition could apprehend assorted sounds from a distinct shot.
NARRATOR: But behindhand of what bodies heard, was a attempt from the blooming altitude alike possible? To hit Kennedy from the appropriate front, possibly acknowledgment why he confused aback and to the left, what aisle would the ammo accept had to take.
TONY GRISSIM (Technical Advisor, 3D Laser Scanning): What the laser scanner does is it spins about and it makes millions and millions of laser abstracts that are very, absolute accurate. The aftereffect is, it abundantly enhances the abstracts accumulating activity at a abomination scene.
NARRATOR: Laser browse specialist Tony Grissim is animate with ballistics able Mike Haag to actualize a 3D basic archetypal of Dealey Plaza.
TONY GRISSIM: The laser arrangement is activity to put a laser up into the mirror system, which directs it at a 90 bulk bend over to this amid cube. And then, aback the laser rotates about the scene, you're able to arise abroad with 360 degrees of data.
NARRATOR: The aboriginal footfall is to browse from assorted credibility in the plaza, including the sixth attic of the book depository.
MIKE HAAG: Aback I aboriginal started in this business, if you went into a archetypal abomination scene, you ability airing out accepting acclimated your band measure, your roller wheel, and it was assured that you would apprehend afterwards that you absent a measurement.
LUKE HAAG: Do we apperceive the camber of the road? Do we apperceive how aerial the barrier was? Did you booty it? I didn't booty it. Did you? It's all in the computer...
TONY GRISSIM: We've done a across-the-board browse already. Now we're activity to do what's alleged a abundant browse aloof of the absolute window...
NARRATOR: Processing such a huge bulk of abstracts will booty weeks.
MIKE HAAG: Mike, can we go and booty a bend point, attractive at the blooming altitude and aces some credibility and attending at distances and aisle from there to the auto breadth aback the headshot absolutely occurred.
NARRATOR: It's all about angles and distances.
MIKE HAAG: I'm absorbed in the ambit from the altitude to, say, the headshot, and the altitude to the close shot.
NARRATOR: Mike Haag wants to appraise a blooming altitude trajectory.
MIKE MCCORMICK: Here's the bend of the stockade fence...
MIKE HAAG: Maybe appropriate about abaft that tree, about in there. Could we additionally see what the vertical bend would be, the bottomward angle? So, from the top of the stockade fence, for example, to the president's head?
MIKE MCCORMICK: Sure.
MIKE HAAG: If it came from the knoll, we're attractive at about 105 feet...
MIKE MCCORMICK: That's correct.
NARRATOR: Aback the distances and angles are all calculated, the acknowledgment is clear.
MIKE HAAG: So 105 feet, bare four degrees downward, if we ascertain accumbent as zero.
NARRATOR: In the 3D basic Dealey Plaza, a aisle from the blooming altitude to Kennedy is possible.
MIKE HAAG: The distances are absolutely aural branch of a archetypal firearm, but you would accept to accept had an admission anguish in the advanced appropriate breadth of the president's head.
NARRATOR: Clearly, the appropriate ancillary of Kennedy's arch is awfully injured. His skull is burst into assorted pieces. But is this adverse accident an admission wound? The abandoned way to apperceive for abiding would be to appraise Kennedy's skull.
PETER CUMMINGS (Forensic Pathologist): What I about do with a gunshot anguish to the arch case is I'll try to reconstruct the skull by demography the $.25 and putting them aback into the abode breadth they belong, anatomically.
NARRATOR: Several $.25 of Kennedy's skull were recovered from his scalp, the auto and Dealey Plaza.
JAMES POKINES (Forensic Anthropologist): Everything I've apparent is constant with a about simple scenario: ammo enters actuality and comes out about in this area.
PETE CUMMINGS: I don't apperceive breadth the avenue anguish is. There's not a detached avenue point.
NARRATOR: But this is abandoned an experiment, application about accessible copies of dissection photos and x-rays. To apprentice more, Cummings goes to the National Archives, breadth the aerial affection originals and Kennedy's accouterment are kept.
PETE CUMMINGS: It was a absolute honor. It's article that I grew up with. As a boy, seeing the Zapruder blur was one of the things that absolutely fueled my absorption in accomplishing forensics. This was John F. Kennedy, and I was administration his clothing. Alike admitting I went there for a absolute specific reason, and a accurate reason, absolutely that moment wasn't absent on me.
NARRATOR: Alike so, they're not perfect. A photo advised to certificate the admission point is unclear, because, for whatever reason, the dissection doctors did not barber the arch wound.
PETE CUMMINGS: This is a cartoon of Admiral Kennedy's brain, that was done for one of the analytic committees. We see the anguish clue that extends from the occipital pole, the aback of the brain, the aback tip of the brain, all the way up through the advanced of the brain.
NARRATOR: A attempt from the blooming altitude would accept exited through the larboard ancillary of Kennedy's brain, but that is abundantly undamaged. Affective on to an x-ray of Kennedy's skull, assorted fractures are evident. The arrangement of breach curve is a clue to the bullet's direction.
PETE CUMMINGS: As the ammo impacts the skull, the breach curve will afford off from that point of impact. As that's happening, the arch is additionally accretion from this absurd burden beachcomber that's occurring central the head...
NARRATOR: In tests at the Biophysics Laboratory, an Army assay center, Carcano bullets were accursed into animal skulls abounding with ballistic gelatin. First, the appulse of a ammo entering from the rear causes fractures to afford forward. But about at the aforementioned instant, a burden beachcomber central the gelatin causes a additional beachcomber of fractures in a erect direction, aloof like what Cummings sees on the Kennedy x-ray.
PETE CUMMINGS: So, you accept these continued fractures that'll afford out from an admission wound, and afresh you accept these concentric fractures that arise erect to the aboriginal breach lines.
NARRATOR: If Kennedy had been attempt from the blooming knoll, the primary breach curve would afford backwards from the front, but the x-ray shows the opposite: they afford advanced from the rear.
PETE CUMMINGS: Based on this breach arrangement in this skull, I anticipate we can definitively say, "No. There was no attempt from the ancillary or from the front...
NARRATOR: But there is one abiding mystery: breadth absolutely was the admission wound? For 50 years, abashing over its absolute breadth has fueled controversy. The dissection doctors said it was low; the House Committee put it four inches higher. One scientist thinks the dissection doctors were right. Larry Sturdivan is an able in anguish ballistics. He formed at the Army Biophysics Lab breadth the skull tests were done.
LARRY STURDIVAN (Wound Ballistics Researcher): Apparently the acumen that they developed the college appulse was artlessly to explain the actuality that array of band could band up with the academy book archive window. I don't apperceive why they affected that it had to accomplish a beeline path.
NARRATOR: In the assay at the Biophysics Lab, Carcano bullets did not chase a beeline aisle central the skull, because they were askew and destabilized on impact.
LARRY STURDIVAN: The cartilage is adamantine abundant and able abundant and close abundant to batter the bullet. Aback it destabilizes, it begins to yaw. As anon as it begins to yaw, it develops a lift force, like an aeroplane wing, and it will accordingly booty a arced path.
NARRATOR: This is constant with the concrete evidence. The ammo that hit Kennedy's arch fragmented, abrogation pieces in the academician and in the car. Sturdivan thinks the burden beachcomber created by the ammo central the academician additionally explains Kennedy's movement backward.
LARRY STURDIVAN: The tissue central the skull was actuality confused around. It acquired a massive bulk of assumption dispatch to go bottomward his spine. Every assumption in his anatomy was stimulated. Now, aback the aback anatomy are stronger than the belly muscles, that meant that Kennedy angled badly backwards.
NARRATOR: Afterwards 50 years, one of the best witnessed murders in history is still discussed and debated. Science can explain some things: how a about complete Carcano ammo could anguish two men and how a attempt from abaft could account Kennedy's astern movement. But aback it comes to the Kennedy assassination, there are explanations science cannot provide.
JOHN MCADAMS: History doesn't consistently accomplish sense. Here's a annihilation person, you know, who brought bottomward the baton of the chargeless world.
JIM LEHRER: In a few seconds, one guy gets off three rounds, chook, chook, chook, changes the advance of history forever.
NARRATOR: No abstracts can appearance why addition would booty a burglarize to a aerial window and cull the trigger. But they can appearance it's apparent that Lee Harvey Oswald did and that his shots abandoned asleep Admiral John F. Kennedy.
LUKE HAAG: The aspect of acceptable argumentative science is to attending at what are the aggressive explanations of an event. And if you can aphorism out that which is impossible, that which remains, about acutely improbable, is the truth.
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